The “Ganong effect” is
the tendency to perceive an ambiguous speech sound as a phoneme that would complete a real word
, rather than completing a nonsense/fake word.
What does the phonemic restoration effect demonstrate?
Warren (1970) first demonstrated this phenomenon when he showed that
if a sound, such as a cough or tone, replaces a speech sound, listeners believe they hear the missing sound or phoneme
. This illusory percept of the missing phoneme is referred to as phoneme restoration.
What is a lexical effect?
The lexical effect is a
phenomenon whereby lexical information influences the perception of the phonetic category boundary for stimuli from word-nonword continua
.
What is the TRACE model of speech perception?
TRACE is a
connectionist model of speech perception
, proposed by James McClelland and Jeffrey Elman in 1986. … TRACE was made into a working computer program for running perceptual simulations. These simulations are predictions about how a human mind/brain processes speech sounds and words as they are heard in real time.
What is the main point behind the motor theory of speech perception?
The motor theory of speech perception is the hypothesis that people
perceive spoken words by identifying the vocal tract gestures with
which they are pronounced rather than by identifying the sound patterns that speech generates.
Who would you expect to show the greatest phonemic restoration effect?
All of your stimuli are in English. Who would you expect to show the greatest phonemic restoration effect?
The group with 10 years of English instruction
.
What is categorical perception of speech sounds?
“Categorical perception” (CP) corresponds to
the extent to which acoustic differences between variants of the same phoneme are less perceptible than differences of the same acoustic magnitude between two different phonemes
(Liberman, Harris, Hoffman & Griffith, 1957).
What is the purpose of lexical decision task?
Lexical decision tasks are
used to evaluate lexical access and lexical formation
. They enable the analysis of lexical items (Gijsel, Bon, & Bosman, 2004), which can be either real words or pseudo-words (Balota & Chumbley, 1984).
Who came up with lexical decision task?
The task was introduced by
Meyer and Schvaneveldt
in the 1970s. Their study aimed to understand how long-term memory is organized and how we retrieve information from it.
What does the lexical decision task tell us?
The lexical decision task (LDT) is a procedure used in many psychology and psycholinguistics experiments. The basic procedure involves
measuring how quickly people classify stimuli as words or nonwords
.
How do we perceive speech?
Speech perception refers to the suite of (neural, computational, cognitive) operations that
transform auditory input signals into representations that can
make contact with internally stored information: the words in a listener’s mental lexicon.
What is categorical perception in psychology?
in speech perception, the phenomenon in which a continuous acoustic dimension, such as voice-onset time, is perceived
as having distinct categories with sharp discontinuities at certain points
. Categorical perception is crucial in the identification of phonemes. …
What is the interactive activation model?
According to this interactive-activation model, the WSE is explained as such: When the target letter is presented within a word, the feature detectors, letter detectors and word detectors
will all be activated
, adding weight to the final recognition of the stimulus.
Why do we experience perceptual narrowing?
This process is most evident during sensitive periods of development. The prevailing theory is that
human infants are born with the ability to sense a wide variety of stimuli
, and as they age, they begin to selectively narrow these perceptions by categorizing them in a more socio-culturally relevant way.
How does the motor theory explain the McGurk effect?
The Motor Theory
postulates that the gesture intended by the speaker is the object of the perception
. The object is not the acoustical signal produced. The theory explains this by also postulating a psychological gesture recognition module. … Thus the McGurk effect constitutes strong evidence for the Motor Theory.
What is the place theory in psychology?
the theory that
(a) sounds of different frequencies stimulate different places along the basilar membrane
and (b) pitch is coded by the place of maximal stimulation.
