Vaccines given IM (intramuscular) route:
DTaP, DT, Hib, hepA, hepB
Where are IM injections given in horses?
Intramuscular (IM) injections are given deep into large muscles where the drug can be absorbed slowly. The most common location for an IM injection in the horse is
the neck
.
Are horse vaccines intramuscular?
Vaccines have a specific route of administration indicated on their label. Common routes used are
intramuscular (in the muscle)
, intranasal (in the nostril), and subcutaneous (SQ). The most common route is IM. There are several sites with quality muscle mass that are safe for vaccinations.
How do you give a shot to a horse?
To locate the appropriate injection area, put
the heel of your hand on the base of the horse’s neck where it joins the shoulder
, about midway between the crest and the bottom of the neck. The area covered by your palm is the injection site.
Is an injection considered intramuscular?
Z-Track Injections Overview.
When a medication is injected directly into muscle
, it is called an intramuscular injection (IM).
Where should you not inject a horse?
The rectangle outlines the area for an injection in the pectoral muscles. Using this area may put the handler in a unsafe position and can result in stiff, sore muscles in the horse. This injection site is the
bunchy muscles in the lower half of the chest between the tops of the forelegs
.
How do you inject a horse into muscle?
Insert the
needle perpendicular to the skin
and push the needle all the way into the muscle until the needle hub touches the skin. Always aspirate (pull back on the plunger) before injection to make sure that you are not in a blood vessel. If you aspirate blood, then pull the needle out part of the way and redirect it.
Where do you give a horse a penicillin shot?
The two main muscle groups I recommend are
the back of the thighs
(buttocks area unless the horse is a known “kicker”) and the neck. For example, inject the left neck in the morning and left buttocks in the evening. The next day, switch to the right side.
Where do you inject a horse in the neck?
- The land marks for injecting in the neck muscle are:
- You should inject in the triangle approximately a hands width above the shoulder blade, about half way between the nuchal ligament and cervical vertebrae.
What do they inject horses joints with?
Inflammatory and degradative enzymes that destroy normal joint environments can be altered by use of
hyaluronic acid (HA) and corticosteroids
injected into the joint. The combination of the two has been scientifically proven to have a more thorough and lasting effect than HA alone or corticosteroids alone.
What happens if you hit a blood vessel while injecting?
Injecting a blood vessel can
cause serious complications in rare cases
. However, the likelihood of hitting a blood vessel in the subcutaneous fat is extremely rare. More than likely, if there is blood, it is from slight bleeding after the injection.
What happens if an intramuscular injection is given subcutaneously?
Subcutaneous injections can lead to
localised cellulitis, granuloma formation and abscess
. The COVID-19 vaccine has shown to have high efficacy if given correctly intramuscularly.
How long do joint injections last in horses?
Hock injections can be effective anywhere from
6-12 months
. If your hock injections are only lasting 8-10 weeks, your horse may be a candidate for laser arthrodesis (surgical fusion).
What is the number one complication of giving a horse a jugular IV injection?
The greatest risk of IV injection is
accidental injection into the carotid artery
, which lies very close (just deep) to the jugular vein.
What size needle do you use on a horse?
The size of the needle depends on the medication being injected. A large-diameter needle
(18 gauge)
works best with thick solutions such as penicillin, while a smaller-diameter needle (20 to 21 gauge) can handle a thin, watery solution. Remember, a larger gauge number equals a smaller diameter.
