Shallow processing: Involves
little attention
to meaning, as when a phone number is repeated over and over or attention is focused on a word’s physical features such as whether it is printed in lowercase or capital letters. Involves close attention, focusing on an item’s meaning and relating it to something else.
When your attention is focused on shallow processing results quizlet?
Shallow processing: Involves
little attention
to meaning, as when a phone number is repeated over and over or attention is focused on a word’s physical features such as whether it is printed in lowercase or capital letters. Involves close attention, focusing on an item’s meaning and relating it to something else.
What results in shallow processing?
Shallow processing only involves maintenance rehearsal (repetition to help us hold something in the STM) and
leads to fairly short-term retention of information
. This is the only type of rehearsal to take place within the multi-store model.
What is shallow level of processing?
cognitive processing of
a stimulus that focuses on its superficial, perceptual characteristics rather than its meaning
. It is considered that processing at this shallow level produces weaker, shorter-lasting memories than deep processing.
Is deep processing always better than shallow processing?
Shallow processing (e.g., processing based on phonemic and orthographic components) leads to a fragile memory trace that is susceptible to rapid decay. Conversely, deep processing (e.g., semantic processing) results in a
more durable
memory trace.
What is shallow processing example?
Shallow processing
In class:
physically present but mind isn’t there
.
Studying meaningless, superficial properties
.
Re-reading memorizing
.
Reading
– looking at words, just reading to “get through” the material.
What does increased depth of processing improve?
The results indicate that deeper processing is associated with
better memory
. … the idea that memory depends on how information is encoded, with better memory being achieved when processing is deep than when processing is shallow. Deep processing involves attention to meaning and is associated with elaborative rehearsal.
What are the 3 levels of processing?
The difference in how people attend to information forms the basis for Craik and Lockhart’s (1972) levels of processing model. Their theory proposes that humans undertake three levels of processing,
shallow intermediate or deep
, when dealing with verbal information.
Why is shallow processing important?
Shallow processing usually
only results in the short term retention of the information
. According to this theory the best way to recall information easily is by using semantic processing which is encoding the meaning of information and relating it to similar ideas and concepts.
What is an example of deep processing?
Deep processing is a way of learning in which you try to make the information meaningful to yourself. For example, you might try to
figure out how a lesson on animal biology fits into what you already know about your dog
(or cat).
How many levels of processing are there?
Perfetti (in Cermak & Craik, 1979, p159-180) extends the levels of processing framework to language comprehension. He proposes
seven levels
: acoustic, phonology, syntactic, semantic, referential, thematic, and functional.
What are the two types of processing psychology?
In psychology, a dual process theory provides an account of how thought can arise in two different ways, or as a result of two different processes. Often, the two processes consist of
an implicit (automatic), unconscious process and an explicit (controlled), conscious process
.
What is intermediate level of processing?
Intermediate-level visual processing is
concerned with determining which boundaries and surfaces belong to specific objects and which are part of the background
(see Figure 25–4). … Intermediate-level visual processing thus involves assembling local elements of an image into a unified percept of objects and background.
How long does shallow processing last?
The Short Term Memory can only hold a relatively small amount of information in it, is said to hold around seven give or take a few pieces of information or objects in it. The information in this memory lasts for a small amount of time as well,
around 30 seconds
which is a lot longer than the Sensory Memory.
What is deeper cognitive processing?
cognitive processing of
a stimulus that focuses on its meaningful properties rather than its perceptual characteristics
. It is considered that processing at this semantic level, which usually involves a degree of elaboration, produces stronger, longer-lasting memories than shallow processing.
What is the deepest level of processing of information in memory?
During the shallower processing level (perceptual processing), the subject initially perceives the physical and sensory characteristics of the stimulus; the deepest level (
semantic processing
) is related to pattern recognition and extraction of meaning, with a greater emphasis on semantic analysis than in shallow …
