Parental investment theory, a term coined by Robert Trivers in 1972, predicts that
the sex that invests more in its offspring will be more selective when choosing a mate
, and the less-investing sex will have intra-sexual competition
What is the parental investment theory?
Parental investment theory enables
evolutionary psychologists to formulate hypotheses and make predictions regarding sex differences in mating strategy
. … In other words, it is in the reproductive interest of the higher-investing sex (actually, their genes) to avoid mating with low-quality mates.
What is the parental investment theory quizlet?
STUDY. Parental Investment (Trivers)
Any investment made by a parent in an individual offspring that increases the offsprings chance of survival
(hence chance of reproductive success) at the cost of the parents ability to invest in other offspring.
What is parental care and parental investment?
Parental care is defined as
any form of parental behaviour that increases the fitness of the offspring
. … Parental investment, however, is defined as any expenditure by parents on an individual offspring that reduces their potential to invest in other present and future offspring.
What Animals use parental investment?
Parental care is found in
species of invertebrates, fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals
. PI for most primate species, including chimpanzees, bonobos, and orangutans, is typical for the mammals, in that female primates invest heavily both pre-natally and post-natally in the care and feeding of infants.
What are the two main components of parental investment theory?
Parental investment can be split into two main categories:
mating investment and rearing investment
. Mating investment consist of the sexual act and the sex cells invested. The rearing investment is the time and energy expended to raise the offspring after conception.
What’s an example of parental investment?
In birds, for example, during the egg stage, parental investment includes
incubation of the eggs and defense of the nest against potential predators
, while after the nestlings hatch, parents must also feed the offspring, in addition to providing thermoregulatory aid (called brooding at this stage) and continuing nest …
Why do females have more parental investment than males?
Females, because
they produce eggs
, make a larger parental investment prior to mating. Males can replenish their gamete supply and return to the mating pool sooner than females because they produce small, cheap sperm rather than large, costly eggs.
Why do females have a greater investment in offspring quizlet?
a)Female pipefish have a higher parental investment than males
because they can produce larger clutches
.
What is meant by adaptation from standing genetic variation in natural populations quizlet?
What is meant by adaptation from standing genetic variation in natural populations? B.
A population adapts to an environmental change by the rise to high frequency of an existing genetic variant that was already present in the population at low frequency before the environmental change
.
What is the purpose of parental care?
The main benefit of parental care is
offspring survival
, although care can also influence an offspring’s condition and future reproductive success. The simplest form of parental care is guarding or protection of eggs in egg-laying, or oviparous, species.
What animals give no parental care?
- Harp Seals.
- Pandas.
- Black Bears.
- Snakes.
- Lizards.
- Merino Sheep.
- Rabbits.
- Cats.
What is meant by parental care Class 5?
Parental care can be defined as
any non-genetic contribution by a parent that increases the fitness of offspring
, and can occur before or after laying or birth (Stahlschmidt and DeNardo, 2011). From: Encyclopedia of Reproduction (Second Edition), 2018.
Do all primates have parental care?
In mammals,
paternal care
is found most commonly in primates, rodents and canids.
What animals are polygyny?
Polygyny is typical of one-male, multi-female groups and can be found in many species including:
elephant seal
, spotted hyena, gorilla, red-winged prinia, house wren, hamadryas baboon, common pheasant, red deer, Bengal tiger, Xylocopa sonorina, Anthidium manicatum and elk.
What is an example of intersexual selection?
Intersexual selection occurs as a result of interactions between males and females of a species. One sex, typically males, will develop and display traits or behavior patterns to attract the opposite sex. Examples of such traits include
plumage on birds, the mating calls of frogs, and courtship displays in fish
.
