38-6: WHICH OF FREUD’S IDEAS DID HIS FOLLOWERS ACCEPT OR REJECT?
Alfred Adler
Who was a neo Freudian who believed that our behavior is driven by our efforts to conquer inferiority and feel superior?
Freud believed that we are motivated by sexual and aggressive urges, but
Adler
(1930, 1961) believed that feelings of inferiority in childhood are what drive people to attempt to gain superiority and that this striving is the force behind all of our thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. Figure 1.
Which neo Freudian emphasized that personality develops as a result of how we deal with our childhood inferiority complex?
ALFRED ADLER
He subsequently founded a school of psychology called individual psychology, which focuses on our drive to compensate for feelings of inferiority.
What neo Freudian concept or theory did Erik Erikson develop?
Erik Erikson
Erikson later proposed
a psychosocial theory of development
, suggesting that an individual’s personality develops throughout the lifespan — a departure from Freud’s view that personality is fixed in early life.
What is the main difference between Sigmund Freud and the neo Freudians?
What is the main difference between Sigmund Freud and the neo-Freudians?
Neo-Freudians reduced the emphasis on sex
. Neo-Freudians theorized about personality while Sigmund Freud did not. Sigmund Freud did not emphasize childhood sexuality while the neo-Freudians did.
Which personality theory is most valid?
Eysenck’s theory argues strongly that biological predispositions towards certain personality traits combined with conditioning and socialization during childhood in order to create our personality. This
interactionist
approach may, therefore, be much more valid than either a biological or environmental theory alone.
What are the 4 personality theories?
Many psychologist use behavior to help determine and study personality. There are four main personality theories;
psychodynamic,social cognitive, humanistic and trait model
.
What are 5 main ideas of Freud’s personality theory?
Freud believed that the
nature of the conflicts among the id, ego, and superego change over time
as a person grows from child to adult. Specifically, he maintained that these conflicts progress through a series of five basic stages, each with a different focus: oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital.
How do neo-Freudians both agree with and challenge Freud’s ideas?
The neo-Freudians were psychologists whose work followed from Freud’s. They generally agreed with Freud that
childhood experiences matter
, but they decreased the emphasis on sex and focused more on the social environment and effects of culture on personality.
What is superego in personality?
According to Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory of personality, the superego is
the component of personality composed of the internalized ideals that we have acquired from our parents and society
. The superego works to suppress the urges of the id and tries to make the ego behave morally, rather than realistically.
What was the main idea behind Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development?
An individual’s personality develops throughout the lifespan.
Why did Adler disagree with Freud?
Alfred Adler believed that Freud’s
theories focused too heavily on sex as the primary motivator for human behavior
. 3 Instead, Adler placed a lesser emphasis on the role of the unconscious and a greater focus on interpersonal and social influences.
Why did Carl Jung disagree with Freud?
Jung criticised Freud
for focusing purely on the external and objective aspects of a person’s dream rather than looking at both objective and subjective content
. Finally, one of the more distinctive aspects of Jung’s dream theory was that dreams could express personal, as well as collective or universal contents.
What is the main idea of the behavioral?
The main idea of the behavioral perspective on personality is
that human behavior is shaped by diverse consequences or reinforcements
, which may be administered by someone else like parents, friends, teachers, etc. or just naturally happen in the environment; in both cases they will affect the individual’s behavior; …
What did Carl Jung refer to as the mask we adopt?
Another concept proposed by Jung was
the persona
, which he referred to as a mask that we adopt. According to Jung, we consciously create this persona; however, it is derived from both our conscious experiences and our collective unconscious.
What is the main idea of the Behavioural perspective on personality?
The main idea behind the behavioral perspective on personality is
that all behavior is learned and therefore can be modified through conditioning
. Conditioning is the process of encouraging desired behavior and discouraging unwanted behavior through a system of rewards and punishments.
