Nucleic acid
is an important class of macromolecules found in all cells and viruses. The functions of nucleic acids have to do with the storage and expression of genetic information. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) encodes the information the cell needs to make proteins.
Which of the following is a nucleotide responsible for releasing and storing energy for cellular chemical reactions?
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
is the source of energy for use and storage at the cellular level. The structure of ATP is a nucleoside triphosphate, consisting of a nitrogenous base (adenine), a ribose sugar, and three serially bonded phosphate groups.
What molecules were first identified in the 2000s?
Human proteins
, such as insulin and hemoglobin, can be produced by yeast or bacteria. These molecules were first identified in the 2000s, and appear to play critical roles in regulating what happens in the cell.
Which of the following are not considered cellular microbes?
Viruses
.
Viruses
are acellular microorganisms, which means they are not composed of cells. Essentially, a virus consists of proteins and genetic material—either DNA or RNA, but never both—that are inert outside of a host organism.
What eukaryotes are involved in decomposition?
- Bacteria. Belong to one of two domains of life: Bacteria or Archaea. …
- Fungi. Eukaryotes involved in decomposition. …
- Protozoans. Single-celled Eukaryotes. …
- Helminths. Term designating all parasitic worms. …
- Algae. Photosynthetic plantlike organism. …
- Virus. Acellular microbe. …
- Carbohydrates: Monosaccharides. …
- Lipids.
What is the function of ATP molecules in living cells?
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP),
energy-carrying
molecule found in the cells of all living things. ATP captures chemical energy obtained from the breakdown of food molecules and releases it to fuel other cellular processes.
Which type of chemical reaction is most commonly associated with digesting food and obtaining energy?
The reactions governing the breakdown of food to obtain energy are called
catabolic reactions
. Conversely, anabolic reactions use the energy produced by catabolic reactions to synthesize larger molecules from smaller ones, such as when the body forms proteins by stringing together amino acids.
Do photosynthetic microorganisms contribute more oxygen?
Photosynthetic microorganisms contribute
more oxygen to the atmosphere than plants
. … Most microorganisms that are found in and on humans do not cause harm and can sometimes benefit the host.
How do deeply buried microbes survive?
In a new paper in the journal Geobiology [1], they show that microorganisms survive in a
state of suspended animation and subsist by slowly consuming nearby carbon compounds
. … The model suggests that during the first million years of burial, microbes either go dormant and stop dividing, or die out.
How many domains of prokaryotes are there?
The
two prokaryotic
domains (Archaea and Bacteria) each comprise several smaller taxonomic groupings.
What are the 7 major types of microorganisms?
Microorganisms are divided into seven types:
bacteria, archaea, protozoa, algae, fungi, viruses, and multicellular animal parasites
( helminths ).
What are the 10 types of bacteria?
- Deinococcus radiodurans.
- Myxococcus xanthus. …
- Yersinia pestis. …
- Escherichia coli. …
- Salmonella typhimurium. …
- Epulopiscium spp. The big boy of the kingdom – about as large as this full stop. …
- Pseudomonas syringae. Dreaming of a white Christmas? …
- Carsonella ruddii. Possessor of the smallest bacterial genome known, C. …
What are the 5 microorganisms?
Microbial diversity is truly staggering, yet all these microbes can be grouped into five major types:
Viruses, Bacteria, Archaea, Fungi, and Protists
.
What are the two important products of decomposition?
Decomposition is a complex process. Organic matter is broken down into
carbon dioxide and the mineral forms of nutrients like nitrogen
.
What kind of bacteria causes decomposition?
Bacteria play an important role in decomposition of organic materials, especially in the early stages of decomposition when moisture levels are high. In the later stages of decomposition, fungi tend to dominate.
Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens
are examples of decomposer bacteria.
Why did the first gram stains on the stool samples show a mixture of microbes?
1. Why did the first Gram stains on the stool samples show a mixture of microbes? This was
most likely a polymicrobial infection
. Each patient was infected with a different agent.
