What is the definition of epidemiology focused on in this course?
the study of the distribution of health outcomes, risk factors and exposures in populations
.
What is the best definition for epidemiology?
By definition, epidemiology is the
study (scientific, systematic, and data-driven) of the distribution (frequency, pattern) and determinants (causes, risk factors)
of health-related states and events (not just diseases) in specified populations (neighborhood, school, city, state, country, global).
Which one of the following is the definition of epidemiology focused on in this course?
For this course, we will use the following definition. Epidemiology is
the study of the distribution and determinants of disease or health outcomes in specified populations
, and the application of this study to the control of health problems.
What was epidemiology originally focused on?
Epidemiology was originally focused exclusively on
epidemics of communicable diseases
(3) but was subsequently expanded to address endemic communicable diseases and non-communicable infectious diseases.
Which of the following are part of epidemiology?
Epidemiology includes
assessment of the distribution
(including describing demographic characteristics of an affected population), determinants (including a study of possible risk factors), and the application to control health problems (such as closing a restaurant).
What are the 3 major types of epidemiologic studies?
Three major types of epidemiologic studies are
cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies
(study designs are discussed in more detail in IOM, 2000). A cohort, or longitudinal, study follows a defined group over time.
What are the 5 main objectives of epidemiology?
In the mid-1980s, five major tasks of epidemiology in public health practice were identified:
public health surveillance, field investigation, analytic studies, evaluation, and linkages
.
What is an example of epidemiology?
The term epidemiology is now widely applied to cover the description and causation of not only epidemic, infectious disease, but of disease in general, including related conditions. Some examples of topics examined through epidemiology include as
high blood pressure, mental illness and obesity
.
What are the two types of epidemiology?
Epidemiologic studies fall into two categories:
experimental and observational
.
What are the four uses of epidemiology?
For
community diagnosis of the presence, nature and distribution of health and disease among the population
, and the dimensions of these in incidence, prevalence, and mortality; taking into account that society is changing and health problems are changing. To study the workings of health services.
Who is the most famous epidemiologist?
- Hippocrates. [460 B.C. – 377 B.C.] …
- Girolamo Fracastoro. [1478 – 1553] …
- John Graunt. [1620 – 1674] …
- Thomas Sydenham. [1624 – 1689] …
- Percivall Pott. [1714 – 1788] …
- James Lind. [1716 – 1794] …
- Edward Jenner. [1749 – 1823] …
- Edwin Chadwick. [1800 – 1890]
What is the purpose of epidemiology?
Epidemiology
identifies the distribution of diseases, factors underlying their source and cause, and methods for their control
; this requires an understanding of how political, social and scientific factors intersect to exacerbate disease risk, which makes epidemiology a unique science.
What are the applications of epidemiology?
To diagnose the health of the community and the condition of the people
, to measure the true dimensions and distribution of ill- health in terms of incidence, prevalence, disability, and mortal- ity; to set health problems in perspective and define their relative importance; to identify groups needing special attention …
What are the 3 main elements of descriptive epidemiology?
In descriptive epidemiology, we
organize and summarize data according to time, place, and person
. These three characteristics are sometimes called the epidemiologic variables.
Are epidemiologists doctors?
Are epidemiologists considered medical doctors? No. While epidemiologists study and investigate the causes and sources of diseases in much the same way as medical doctors,
they’re not considered actual physicians
. Perhaps the biggest reason why is treatment.
What are the two main types of analytic studies?
Analytic studies fall into two categories:
experimental and observational
. Experimental studies, which include clinical and community trials, may be used to study the effects of new drugs or vaccines.
