Russell (2003) defined core affect as “A neurophysiological state that is consciously accessible as a simple, nonreflective feeling that
is an integral blend of hedonic (pleasure-displeasure) and arousal (sleepy-activated)
values (p.
What are the core affects?
These states–called core affect–
influence reflexes, perception, cognition, and behavior
and are influenced by many causes internal and external, but people have no direct access to these causal connections.
What are the dimensions of core affect?
First, researchers have primarily focused on two dimensions of core affect:
high activation positive states and moods
(for example, active, energized, and excited) and high activation negative states and moods (for example, distressed, nervous, and hostile).
What is the influence of affect on cognition?
Affect Influences Cognition. There is abundant evidence that our social cognition is strongly influenced by
our affective states
. For example, whatever current mood we are experiencing can influence our judgments of people we meet.
What is Russell’s model of affect?
Abstract. The circumplex model of affect
proposes that all affective states arise from cognitive interpretations of core neural sensations
that are the product of two independent neurophysiological systems.
What are the 2 dimensions of emotions?
Valence (negative/positive) and arousal (low/high)
. Every single emotion can be placed on this two dimension graphic.
What are the different types of affect?
An affect can often be described by terms that range from:
constricted, shallow, flattened affect (emotionless), normal, or expressions that are fitting in context
. When discussing mood, we are usually referring to feelings of: anxiety, depression, dysphoria, euphoria, anger, or irritation.
Are affect and emotion the same thing?
Affect is the experiential state of feeling. In everyday language, terms like affect, emotion, and mood
are often used interchangeably
. Affect is the superordinate category; emotions and moods are states belonging to this category.
What is discrete emotion in psychology?
Discrete emotion theory is the claim that
there is a small number of core emotions
. For example, Silvan Tomkins (1962, 1963) concluded that there are nine basic emotions: interest, enjoyment, surprise, distress, fear, anger, shame, dissmell (reaction to bad smell) and disgust.
What is constricted mood?
constricted affect:
diminished variability and intensity with which emotions are expressed
.
What are the positive and negative effects of catharsis?
The Effects of Catharsis on Psychological Health
Despite what Freud believed, catharsis
triggers more thoughts and emotions of the same nature
. For example, if you are angry and you start shouting and throwing things, you activate more aggressive thoughts, emotions, and behaviors.
Which comes first affect or cognition?
Historically, it has been assumed that affect is
“post-cognitive
.” This means that affect occurs as a result of (and therefore after) cognition. In 1980, Zajonc proposed a “separate systems” view of affect which challenged this basic assumption.
How do emotions affect cognitive processes?
Emotion has a substantial influence on the cognitive processes in humans, including perception, attention, learning, memory, reasoning, and problem solving. Emotion has a particularly
strong influence on attention
, especially modulating the selectivity of attention as well as motivating action and behavior.
What is Russell’s model?
Mehrabian–Russell model. Mehrabian and Russell (1974)
posited that environmental stimuli influence an individual’s emotional state
, which in turn affects approach or avoidance responses. … According to Mehrabian and Russell (1974), emotional states fall into three basic domains: pleasure, arousal, and dominance.
What is Russell’s Circumplex model?
One particular dimensional approach, termed the circumplex model of affect,
proposes that all affective states arise from two fundamental neurophysiological systems
, one related to valence (a pleasure–displeasure continuum) and the other to arousal, or alertness (Russell, 1980).
What is valence and arousal?
Arousal (or intensity) is the level of autonomic activation that an event creates, and ranges from calm (or low) to excited (or high). Valence, on the other hand, is
the level of pleasantness that an event generates
and is defined along a continuum from negative to positive.
